Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance 1990–2021: a systematic analysis with forecasts to 2050

• Mohsen Naghavi
• , Stein Emil Vollset
• , Kevin S Ikuta
• , Lucien R Swetschinski
• , Authia P Gray
• , Eve E Wool
• , Gisela Robles Aguilar
• , Tomislav Mestrovic
• , Georgia Smith
• , Chieh Han
• , Rebecca L Hsu
• , Julian Chalek
• , Daniel T Araki
• , Erin Chung
• , Catalina Raggi
• , Anna Gershberg Hayoon
• , Nicole Davis Weaver
• , Paulina A Lindstedt
• , Amanda E Smith
• , Umut Altay
• , Natalia V Bhattacharjee
• , Konstantinos Giannakis
• , Frederick Fell
• , Barney McManigal
• , Nattwut Ekapirat
• , Jessica Andretta Mendes
• , Tilleye Runghien
• , Oraya Srimokla
• , Atef Abdelkader
• , Sherief Abd-Elsalam
• , Richard Gyan Aboagye
• , Hassan Abolhassani
• , Hasan Abualruz
• , Usman Abubakar
• , Hana J Abukhadijah
• , Salahdein Aburuz
• , Ahmed Abu-Zaid
• , Sureerak Achalapong
• , Isaac Yeboah Addo
• , Victor Adekanmbi
• , Temitayo Esther Adeyeoluwa
• , Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani
• , Leticia Akua Adzigbli
• , Muhammad Sohail Afzal
• , Saira Afzal
• , Antonella Agodi
• , Austin J Ahlstrom
• , Aqeel Ahmad
• , Sajjad Ahmad
• , Tauseef Ahmad
• , Ali Ahmadi
• , Ayman Ahmed
• , Haroon Ahmed
• , Ibrar Ahmed
• , Mohammed Ahmed
• , Saeed Ahmed
• , Syed Anees Ahmed
• , Mohammed Ahmed Akkaif
• , Salah Al Awaidy
• , Yazan Al Thaher
• , Samer O Alalalmeh
• , Mohammad T AlBataineh
• , Wafa A Aldhaleei
• , Adel Ali Saeed Al-Gheethi
• , Nma Bida Alhaji
• , Abid Ali
• , Liaqat Ali
• , Syed Shujait Ali
• , Waad Ali
• , Kasim Allel
• , Sabah Al-Marwani
• , Ahmad Alrawashdeh
• , Awais Altaf
• , Alaa B. Al-Tammemi
• , Jaffar A Al-Tawfiq
• , Karem H Alzoubi
• , Walid Adnan Al-Zyoud
• , Ben Amos
• , John H Amuasi
• , Robert Ancuceanu
• , Jason R Andrews
• , Abhishek Anil
• , Iyadunni Adesola Anuoluwa
• , Saeid Anvari
• , Anayochukwu Edward Anyasodor
• , Geminn Louis Carace Apostol
• , Jalal Arabloo
• , Mosab Arafat
• , Aleksandr Y Aravkin
• , Demelash Areda
• , Abdulfatai Aremu
• , Anton A Artamonov
• , Elizabeth A Ashley
• , Marvellous O Asika
• , Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
• , Maha Moh'd Wahbi Atout
• , Tewachew Awoke
• , Sina Azadnajafabad
• , James Mba Azam
• , Shahkaar Aziz
• , Ahmed Y. Azzam
• , Mahsa Babaei
• , Francois-Xavier Babin
• , Muhammad Badar
• , Atif Amin Baig
• , Milica Bajcetic
• , Stephen Baker
• , Mainak Bardhan
• , Hiba Jawdat Barqawi
• , Zarrin Basharat
• , Afisu Basiru
• , Mathieu Bastard
• , Saurav Basu
• , Nebiyou Simegnew Bayleyegn
• , Melaku Ashagrie Belete
• , Olorunjuwon Omolaja Bello
• , Apostolos Beloukas
• , James A Berkley
• , Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula
• , Sonu Bhaskar
• , Soumitra S Bhuyan
• , Julia A Bielicki
• , Nikolay Ivanovich Briko
• , Colin Stewart Brown
• , Annie J Browne
• , Danilo Buonsenso
• , Yasser Bustanji
• , Cristina G Carvalheiro
• , Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela
• , Muthia Cenderadewi
• , Joshua Chadwick
• , Sandip Chakraborty
• , Rama Mohan Chandika
• , Sara Chandy
• , Vilada Chansamouth
• , Vijay Kumar Chattu
• , Anis Ahmad Chaudhary
• , Patrick R Ching
• , Hitesh Chopra
• , Fazle Rabbi Chowdhury
• , Dinh-Toi Chu
• , Muhammad Chutiyami
• , Natalia Cruz-Martins
• , Alanna Gomes da Silva
• , Omid Dadras
• , Xiaochen Dai
• , Samuel D Darcho
• , Saswati Das
• , Fernando Pio De la Hoz
• , Denise Myriam Dekker
• , Kuldeep Dhama
• , Daniel Diaz
• , Benjamin Felix Rothschild Dickson
• , Serge Ghislain Djorie
• , Milad Dodangeh
• , Sushil Dohare
• , Klara Georgieva Dokova
• , Ojas Prakashbhai Doshi
• , Robert Kokou Dowou
• , Haneil Larson Dsouza
• , Susanna J Dunachie
• , Arkadiusz Marian Dziedzic
• , Tim Eckmanns
• , Abdelaziz Ed-Dra
• , Aziz Eftekharimehrabad
• , Temitope Cyrus Ekundayo
• , Iman El Sayed
• , Muhammed Elhadi
• , Waseem El-Huneidi
• , Christelle Elias
• , Sally J Ellis
• , Randa Elsheikh
• , Ibrahim Elsohaby
• , Chadi Eltaha
• , Babak Eshrati
• , Majid Eslami
• , David William Eyre
• , Adewale Oluwaseun Fadaka
• , Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe
• , Ayesha Fahim
• , Aliasghar Fakhri-Demeshghieh
• , Folorunso Oludayo Fasina
• , Modupe Margaret Fasina
• , Ali Fatehizadeh
• , Nicholas A Feasey
• , Alireza Feizkhah
• , Ginenus Fekadu
• , Florian Fischer
• , Ida Fitriana
• , Karen M Forrest
• , Celia Fortuna Rodrigues
• , John E Fuller
• , Muktar A Gadanya
• , Márió Gajdács
• , Aravind P Gandhi
• , Esteban E Garcia-Gallo
• , Denise O Garrett
• , Rupesh K Gautam
• , Miglas Welay Gebregergis
• , Mesfin Gebrehiwot
• , Teferi Gebru Gebremeskel
• , Christine Geffers
• , Leonidas Georgalis
• , Ramy Mohamed Ghazy
• , Mahaveer Golechha
• , Davide Golinelli
• , Melita Gordon
• , Snigdha Gulati
• , Rajat Das Gupta
• , Sapna Gupta
• , Vijai Kumar Gupta
• , Awoke Derbie Habteyohannes
• , Sebastian Haller
• , Harapan Harapan
• , Michelle L Harrison
• , Ahmed I Hasaballah
• , Ikramul Hasan
• , Rumina Syeda Hasan
• , Hamidreza Hasani
• , Andrea Haekyung Haselbeck
• , Md Saquib Hasnain
• , Ikrama Ibrahim Hassan
• , Shoaib Hassan
• , Mahgol Sadat Hassan Zadeh Tabatabaei
• , Khezar Hayat
• , Jiawei He
• , Omar E Hegazi
• , Mohammad Heidari
• , Kamal Hezam
• , Ramesh Holla
• , Marianne Holm
• , Heidi Hopkins
• , Md Mahbub Hossain
• , Mehdi Hosseinzadeh
• , Sorin Hostiuc
• , Nawfal R Hussein
• , Le Duc Huy
• , Elsa D Ibáñez-Prada
• , Adalia Ikiroma
• , Irena M Ilic
• , Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam
• , Faisal Ismail
• , Nahlah Elkudssiah Ismail
• , Chidozie Declan Iwu
• , Chinwe Juliana Iwu-Jaja
• , Abdollah Jafarzadeh
• , Fatoumatta Jaiteh
• , Reza Jalilzadeh Yengejeh
• , Roland Dominic G Jamora
• , Javad Javidnia
• , Talha Jawaid
• , Adam W J Jenney
• , Hyon Jin Jeon
• , Mohammad Jokar
• , Nabi Jomehzadeh
• , Tamas Joo
• , Nitin Joseph
• , Zul Kamal
• , Kehinde Kazeem Kanmodi
• , Rami S Kantar
• , James Apollo Kapisi
• , Ibraheem M Karaye
• , Yousef Saleh Khader
• , Himanshu Khajuria
• , Nauman Khalid
• , Faham Khamesipour
• , Ajmal Khan
• , Mohammad Jobair Khan
• , Muhammad Tariq Khan
• , Vishnu Khanal
• , Feriha Fatima Khidri
• , Jagdish Khubchandani
• , Suwimon Khusuwan
• , Min Seo Kim
• , Adnan Kisa
• , Vladimir Andreevich Korshunov
• , Fiorella Krapp
• , Ralf Krumkamp
• , Mohammed Kuddus
• , Mukhtar Kulimbet
• , Dewesh Kumar
• , Emmanuelle A P Kumaran
• , Ambily Kuttikkattu
• , Hmwe Hmwe Kyu
• , Iván Landires
• , Basira Kankia Lawal
• , Thao Thi Thu Le
• , Ingeborg Maria Lederer
• , Munjae Lee
• , Seung Won Lee
• , Alain Lepape
• , Temesgen Leka Lerango
• , Virendra S Ligade
• , Cherry Lim
• , Stephen S Lim
• , Liknaw Workie Limenh
• , Chaojie Liu
• , Xiaofeng Liu
• , Xuefeng Liu
• , Michael J Loftus
• , Hawraz Ibrahim M Amin
• , Kelsey Lynn Maass
• , Sandeep B Maharaj
• , Mansour Adam Mahmoud
• , Panagiota Maikanti-Charalampous
• , Omar M Makram
• , Kashish Malhotra
• , Ahmad Azam Malik
• , Georgia D Mandilara
• , Florian Marks
• , Bernardo Alfonso Martinez-Guerra
• , Miquel Martorell
• , Hossein Masoumi-Asl
• , Alexander G Mathioudakis
• , Juergen May
• , Theresa A McHugh
• , James Meiring
• , Hadush Negash Meles
• , Addisu Melese
• , Endalkachew Belayneh Melese
• , Giuseppe Minervini
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• , Shafiu Mohammed
• , Syam Mohan
• , Ali H Mokdad
• , Lorenzo Monasta
• , AmirAli Moodi Ghalibaf
• , Catrin E Moore
• , Yousef Moradi
• , Elias Mossialos
• , Vincent Mougin
• , George Duke Mukoro
• , Francesk Mulita
• , Berit Muller-Pebody
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• , Sani Musa
• , Patrick Musicha
• , Lillian A Musila
• , Saravanan Muthupandian
• , Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan
• , Pirouz Naghavi
• , Firzan Nainu
• , Tapas Sadasivan Nair
• , Hastyar Hama Rashid Najmuldeen
• , Zuhair S Natto
• , Javaid Nauman
• , Biswa Prakash Nayak
• , G Takop Nchanji
• , Pacifique Ndishimye
• , Ionut Negoi
• , Ruxandra Irina Negoi
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• , QuynhAnh P Nguyen
• , Efaq Ali Noman
• , Davis C Nwakanma
• , Seamus O'Brien
• , Theresa J Ochoa
• , Ismail A Odetokun
• , Oluwaseun Adeolu Ogundijo
• , Tolulope R Ojo-Akosile
• , Sylvester Reuben Okeke
• , Osaretin Christabel Okonji
• , Andrew T Olagunju
• , Antonio Olivas-Martinez
• , Abdulhakeem Abayomi Olorukooba
• , Peter Olwoch
• , Kenneth Ikenna Onyedibe
• , Edgar Ortiz-Brizuela
• , Olayinka Osuolale
• , Pradthana Ounchanum
• , Oyetunde T Oyeyemi
• , Mahesh Padukudru P A
• , Jose L Paredes
• , Romil R Parikh
• , Jay Patel
• , Shankargouda Patil
• , Shrikant Pawar
• , Anton Y Peleg
• , Prince Peprah
• , João Perdigão
• , Carlo Perrone
• , Ionela-Roxana Petcu
• , Koukeo Phommasone
• , Zahra Zahid Piracha
• , Dimitri Poddighe
• , Andrew J Pollard
• , Ramesh Poluru
• , Alfredo Ponce-De-Leon
• , Jagadeesh Puvvula
• , Farah Naz Qamar
• , Nameer Hashim Qasim
• , Clotaire Donatien Rafai
• , Pankaja Raghav
• , Leila Rahbarnia
• , Fakher Rahim
• , Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar
• , Mosiur Rahman
• , Muhammad Aziz Rahman
• , Hazem Ramadan
• , Shakthi Kumaran Ramasamy
• , Pushkal Sinduvadi Ramesh
• , Pramod W Ramteke
• , Rishabh Kumar Rana
• , Usha Rani
• , Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi
• , Devarajan Rathish
• , Sayaphet Rattanavong
• , Salman Rawaf
• , Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed Redwan
• , Luis Felipe Reyes
• , Tamalee Roberts
• , Julie V Robotham
• , Victor Daniel Rosenthal
• , Allen Guy Ross
• , Nitai Roy
• , Kristina E Rudd
• , Cameron John Sabet
• , Basema Ahmad Saddik
• , Mohammad Reza Saeb
• , Umar Saeed
• , Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam
• , Weeravoot Saengchan
• , Mohsen Safaei
• , Amene Saghazadeh
• , Narjes Saheb Sharif-Askari
• , Amirhossein Sahebkar
• , Soumya Swaroop Sahoo
• , Maitreyi Sahu
• , Morteza Saki
• , Nasir Salam
• , Zikria Saleem
• , Mohamed A Saleh
• , Yoseph Leonardo Samodra
• , Abdallah M Samy
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• , Maheswar Satpathy
• , Austin E Schumacher
• , Mansour Sedighi
• , Samroeng Seekaew
• , Mahan Shafie
• , Pritik A Shah
• , Samiah Shahid
• , Moyad Jamal Shahwan
• , Sadia Shakoor
• , Noga Shalev
• , Muhammad Aaqib Shamim
• , Mohammad Ali Shamshirgaran
• , Anas Shamsi
• , Amin Sharifan
• , Rajesh P Shastry
• , Mahabalesh Shetty
• , Aminu Shittu
• , Sunil Shrestha
• , Emmanuel Edwar Siddig
• , Theologia Sideroglou
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• , Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues Silva
• , Eric A F Simões
• , Andrew J H Simpson
• , Amit Singh
• , Surjit Singh
• , Robert Sinto
• , Sameh S M Soliman
• , Soroush Soraneh
• , Nicole Stoesser
• , Temenuga Zhekova Stoeva
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• , Lukasz Szarpak
• , Sree Sudha T Y
• , Shima Tabatabai
• , Celine Tabche
• , Zanan Mohammed-Ameen Taha
• , Ker-Kan Tan
• , Nidanuch Tasak
• , Nathan Y Tat
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• , Thang Huu Tran
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• , Yasir Waheed
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• , Tri Wangrangsimakul
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• , Heiman F L Wertheim
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• , Asrat Arja Wolde
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• , Zenghong Wu
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• , Sa'ed H. H Zyoud
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• , Benn Sartorius
• , Ben S Cooper
• , Christiane Dolecek
• , Christopher J L Murray